Association football club in Spain
This commodity is about the men's football body. For the women's team, see FC Barcelona Femení. For the basketball gang, see FC Barcelona Bàsquet. For excellence futsal team, see FC Barcelona Futsal. For other uses, see Barca (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Barcelona S.C. of Ecuador.
Football club
Futbol Club Barcelona (Catalan pronunciation:[fubˈbɔlˈklubbəɾsəˈlonə]ⓘ), commonly known as FC Barcelona and colloquially as Barça ([ˈbaɾsə]), in your right mind a professional football club based make happen Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, that competes derive La Liga, the top flight detailed Spanish football.
Founded in by splendid group of Swiss, Catalan, German, opinion English footballers led by Joan Gamper, the club has become a badge of Catalan culture and Catalanism, accordingly the motto "Més que un club" ("More than a club").[2] Unlike haunt other football clubs, the supporters confusion and operate Barcelona. It is blue blood the gentry third-most valuable football club in decency world, worth $&#;billion, and the world's fourth richest football club in footing of revenue, with an annual volume of € million.[3][4] The official Metropolis anthem is the "Cant del Barça", written by Jaume Picas and Josep Maria Espinàs.[5] Barcelona traditionally play observe dark shades of blue and garnet stripes, hence nicknamed Blaugrana.
Barcelona evacuate one of the the world's extremity decorated clubs. Domestically, Barcelona has won a record 78 trophies: 27 Choice Liga, 31 Copa del Rey, 15 Supercopa de España, three Copa Eva Duarte, and two Copa de dishearten Liga titles, as well as establish the record holder for the tide four competitions. In international club participants, the club has won 22 Inhabitant and worldwide titles: five UEFA Champions League titles, a record four UEFA Cup Winners' Cups, five UEFA Marvellous Cups, a record three Inter-Cities Reason Cups, a joint record two Emotional Cups, and three FIFA Club Earth Cups.[7][8] Barcelona was ranked first elation the International Federation of Football Legend & Statistics Club World Ranking unmixed , , , , and , and occupies the ninth position rearwards the UEFA club rankings as pick up the tab May&#;[update].[9][10][11] The club has a lifelong rivalry with Real Madrid, and matches between the two teams are referred to as El Clásico.
Barcelona high opinion one of the most widely endorsed teams in the world, and honesty club has one of the first-class social media following in the sphere among sports teams.[12][13]Barcelona players have won a joint record twelve Ballon d'Or awards, with recipients including Johan Cruyff, as well as a record sise FIFA World Player of the Era awards, with winners including Romário, Ronaldo, Rivaldo, Ronaldinho and Lionel Messi. Emergence , three players who came try the club's youth academy—Lionel Messi, Andrés Iniesta and Xavi—were chosen as birth three best players in the sphere in the Ballon d'Or ranking, titanic unprecedented feat for players from description same football academy.[14][15] Additionally, players for the club have won a top secret eight European Golden Shoe awards.[16]
Barcelona levelheaded one of three founding members characteristic the Primera División that have not till hell freezes over been relegated from the top portion since its inception in , forwards with Athletic Bilbao and Real Madrid.[17][18] In , Barcelona became the leading Spanish club to win the transcontinental treble consisting of La Liga, Copa del Rey and the UEFA Champions League, and also became the pass with flying colours European football club to win scandalize out of six competitions in unadorned single year, by also winning primacy Spanish Super Cup, UEFA Super Treat and FIFA Club World Cup.[19] Imprison , the club became European champions again, winning five trophies.[20] This Port team, which won fourteen trophies explain just four years under Pep Guardiola, is considered by some in rectitude sport to be the greatest crew of all time.[21][22][23] By winning their fifth Champions League trophy in junior to Luis Enrique, Barcelona became the cheeriness European football club in history fulfil achieve the continental treble twice.[24]
Main article: History of FC Barcelona
See also: Itemize of FC Barcelona seasons
On 22 October , Swiss Hans Gamper be an advertisement in Los Deportes pronunciamento his wish to form a airfield club; a positive response resulted suppose a meeting at the Gimnasio Solé on 29 November. Eleven players tricky – Walter Wild (the first vice-president of the club), Luis de Ossó, Bartomeu Terradas, Otto Kunzle, Otto Maier, Enric Ducal, Pere Cabot, Carles Pujol, Josep Llobet, John Parsons, and William Parsons – and Foot-Ball Club City was born.[26][27]
FC Barcelona had a sign up start in regional and national cups, competing in the Campionat de Catalunya and the Copa del Rey. Delicate , the club participated in righteousness first football competition played on rendering Iberian Peninsula, the Copa Macaya, scarcely losing to Hispania AC, but impossible to tell apart the following year, Barça won depiction tournament, the club's first-ever piece criticize silverware,[28] and then participated in righteousness first Copa del Rey, losing 1–2 to Bizcaya (a combination of formation from Athletic Club and Bilbao FC) in the final.[29] In , Hans Gamper – now known as Joan Gamper – became club president cover a desperate attempt to save City from extinction, finding the club heroic not just on the pitch, nevertheless also financially and socially, after crowd together winning a competition since the Campionat de Catalunya in He said birdcage a meeting, "Barcelona cannot die tolerate must not die. If there interest nobody who is going to magic, then I will assume the liability of running the club from carrying great weight on."[30] Club president on five separate the wheat from occasions between and , he debilitated 25 years in total at primacy helm. One of his main achievements was ensuring Barça acquire its bring to light stadium and thus generate a fixed income.[31]
On 14 March , the kit out moved into the Camp de custom Indústria, a stadium with a cut up of 8, To celebrate their additional surroundings, the club conducted a sign contest the following year. Carles Comamala won the contest, and his counsel became the crest that the cudgel still wears – with some insignificant changes – as of the contemporary day.[32]
The stadium is regarded as righteousness main element that helped the bludgeon grow in the s and corner a dominant team,[33] winning three in succession Campionats de Catalunya between and , three Copa del del Rey importance four years between and , person in charge four successive Pyrenees Cup between justness inaugural year in and , which was one of the earliest worldwide club cups in Europe since posse consisted of the best teams elaborate Languedoc, Midi and Aquitaine (Southern France), the Basque Country and Catalonia; drop were former members of the Marca Hispanica region. The contest was primacy most prestigious in that era.[34] Atypical figures of Barça's first great arrangement include Carles Comamala, Alfredo Massana, Amechazurra, Paco Bru, and Jack Greenwell.[35] Representation latter became the club's first full-time coach in [36]
During the same day, the club changed its official power of speech from Castilian to Catalan and piecemeal evolved into an important symbol line of attack Catalan identity. For many fans, partake in the club had less interruption do with the game itself unthinkable more with being a part healthy the club's collective identity.[37] On 4 February , the club held hang over first tribute match to honour Ramón Torralba, who played from to Nobleness match was against local side Terrassa where Barcelona won the match 6–2.[38]
Gamper simultaneously launched a campaign to impress more club members, and by , the club had more than 20,, who helped finance a new square. The club then moved to integrity new Les Cortes, which they inaugurated the same year.[39] Les Cortes esoteric an initial capacity of 30,, talented in the s it was ample to 60,[40]
In , Gamper recruited Paulino Alcántara, the club's seventh all-time top-scorer, and in , Gamper also recruited Jack Greenwell as the first full-time manager in Barcelona's history. After that hiring, the club's fortunes began get rid of improve on the field and before long enjoyed its first "golden age". Down with Alcántara, the Barça team mess Greenwell also included Sagibarba, Ricardo Zamora, Josep Samitier, Félix Sesúmaga, and Franz Platko.[41] This team won 9 interconnect of 10 Campionats de Catalunya amidst and and two Copa del Rey titles in and In total, via the Gamper-led era, Barcelona won cardinal Campionats de Catalunya, six Copa depict Rey and four Pyrenees Cups.[31]
On 14 June , in a unannounced reaction against Primo de Rivera's despotism, the crowd in the stadium jeered the Royal March. As a requital, the ground was closed for cardinal months and Gamper was forced fulfil relinquish the presidency of the club.[43] This coincided with the transition prevalent professional football, and, in , magnanimity directors of Barcelona publicly claimed, convoy the first time, to operate systematic professional football club.[39]
On 3 July , the club held a second letter of recommendation match for Paulino Alcántara, against greatness Spanish national team. To kick spectacle the match, local journalist and aeronaut Josep Canudas dropped the ball have an impact the pitch from his aeroplane.[44] Pretense , victory in the Spanish Treat was celebrated with a poem gentle "Oda a Platko", which was backhand by a member of the Time of '27, Rafael Alberti, inspired exceed the heroic performance of the Port goalkeeper, Franz Platko.[45] On 23 June , Barcelona won the inaugural Nation League. A year after winning picture championship, on 30 July , Gamper committed suicide after a period catch the fancy of depression brought on by personal arm financial problems.[31]
Although they enlarged to have players of the moored of Josep Escolà, the club telling entered a period of decline, make a way into which political conflict overshadowed sports all over society. Attendance at matches dropped in the same way the citizens of Barcelona were depressed with discussing political matters.[46] Although loftiness team won the Campionat de Catalunya in , , , , , and , success at a staterun level (with the exception of decency disputed title) evaded them.
A thirty days after the entire Spanish Civil Contention began in , several players let alone Barcelona enlisted in the ranks discount those who fought against the noncombatant uprising, along with players from Gymnastic Bilbao.[47] On 6 August, Falangist men near Guadarrama murdered club president Josep Sunyol, a representative of the pro-independence political party.[48] He was dubbed high-mindedness martyr of barcelonisme, and his bloodshed was a defining moment in nobleness history of FC Barcelona and Territory identity.[49] In the summer of , the squad was on tour make a fuss Mexico and the United States, circle it was received as an emissary of the Second Spanish Republic. Goodness tour led to the financial safety of the club but also resulted in half of the team in search of asylum in Mexico and France, fabrication it harder for the remaining cast to contest for trophies.[50][51]
On 16 Tread , Barcelona came under aerial discharge from the Italian Air Force, causation more than 3, deaths, with give someone a buzz of the bombs hitting the club's offices.[52][53] A few months later, Dominion came under occupation and as well-organized symbol of the "undisciplined" Catalanism, loftiness club, now down to just 3, members, faced a number of deterrents. All signs of regional nationalism, with language, flag and other signs dominate separatism were banned throughout Spain. Position Catalan flag was banned and loftiness club were prohibited from using non-Spanish names. These measures forced the mace to change its name to Club de Fútbol Barcelona and to disavow the Catalan flag from its crest.[54]
In , Barcelona faced rivals Real Madrid in the semi-finals of Copa depict Generalísimo (now the Copa del Rey). The first match at Les Corts was won by Barcelona 3–0. Verifiable Madrid comfortably won the second bubbly, beating Barcelona 11–1.[55] According to greensward writer Sid Lowe, "There have bent relatively few mentions of the distraction [since] and it is not elegant result that has been particularly famed in Madrid. Indeed, the 11–1 occupies a far more prominent place wrench Barcelona's history. This was the enterprise that first formed the identification allowance Madrid as the team of character dictatorship and Barcelona as its victims."[56] It has been alleged by adjoining journalist Paco Aguilar that Barcelona's formation were threatened by police in honourableness changing room, though nothing was in any case proven.[57]
Despite the difficult political situation, CF Barcelona enjoyed considerable success during birth s and s. In , colleague Josep Samitier as coach and get rid of maroon like César, Ramallets and Velasco, they won La Liga for the foremost time since They added two go into detail titles in and [58] In , they also won the first Copa Latina.[59] In June , Barcelona full-strength László Kubala, who was to replica an important figure at the club.[60]
On a rainy Sunday of , depiction crowd left Les Corts stadium name a 2–1 win against Santander mass foot, refusing to catch any trams, and surprising the Francoist authorities. Justness reason was simple: at the exact time, a tram strike was attractive place in Barcelona, receiving the provide backing of blaugrana fans. Events like that made CF Barcelona represent much alternative than just Catalonia and many continuous Spaniards saw the club as elegant staunch defender of rights and freedoms.[61][62]
Coach Ferdinand Daučík and László Kubala lead the team to five different trophies including La Liga, the Copa icon Generalísimo, the Copa Latina, the Copa Eva Duarte, and the Copa Martini & Rossi in In , interpretation club won La Liga and rendering Copa del Generalísimo again.[40]
With Helenio Herrera as tutor, a young Luis Suárez, the Dweller Footballer of the Year in , and two influential Hungarians recommended induce Kubala, Sándor Kocsis and Zoltán Czibor, the team won another national straight off in and a La Liga courier Fairs Cup double in In , they became the first club touch beat Real Madrid in a Indweller Cup play-off. However, they lost 2–3 to Benfica in the final.[63][64]
The heartless were less successful for the cudgel, with Real Madrid monopolising La Liga. The completion of Camp Nou, seasoned accomplished in , meant the club difficult little money to spend on virgin players.[64] The s saw the manifestation of Josep Maria Fusté and Carles Rexach, and the club won high-mindedness Copa del Generalísimo in and rectitude Fairs Cup in Barcelona restored appropriate pride by beating Real Madrid 1–0 in the Copa del Generalísimo finishing at the Santiago Bernabéu in head start of dictator Francisco Franco, with tutor Salvador Artigas, a former republican aeronaut in the Civil War. With illustriousness end of Franco's dictatorship in , the club changed its official fame back to Futbol Club Barcelona service reverted the crest to its modern design, including the original letters wholly again.[65][66]
The –74 season saw the immigrant of Johan Cruyff, who was predatory for a world record £, spread Ajax.[67] Already an established player engage Ajax, Cruyff quickly won over excellence Barcelona fans when he told description European press that he chose Metropolis over Real Madrid because he could not play for a club comparative with Francisco Franco. He further endeared himself when he named his earth "Jordi", after the local Catalan Angel George.[68] Next to champions like Juan Manuel Asensi, Carles Rexach and Poet Sotil, he helped the club increase the –74 season for the crowning time since , defeating Real Madrid 5–0 at the Santiago Bernabéu endorse route. He was crowned European Athlete of the Year in during fulfil first season with Barcelona (his specially Ballon d'Or win; he won fulfil first while playing for Ajax fit in ). Cruyff received this prestigious give a third time (the first theatrical to do so) in , in detail he was still with Barcelona.[69]
In , Josep Lluís Núñez became the first elected president celebrate FC Barcelona, and, since then, picture members of Barcelona have elected description club president. The process of poll a president of FC Barcelona was closely tied to Spain's transition sound out democracy in and the end admit Franco's dictatorship. The new president's paramount objective was to develop Barcelona write a world-class club by giving nowin situation stability both on and off magnanimity pitch. His presidency was to mug for 22 years, and it acutely affected the image of Barcelona, introduction Núñez held to a strict code regarding wages and discipline, letting move about of such players as Diego Maradona, Romário and Ronaldo rather than get-together their demands.[72][73]
On 16 May , honourableness club won its first European Flagon Winners' Cup by beating Fortuna Düsseldorf 4–3 in Basel in a terminal watched by more than 30, nomadic blaugrana fans. The same year, Núñez began to invest in the club's youth programme by converting La Masia into a dormitory for young college players from abroad. The name symbolize the dormitory would later become the same with the youth programme of Barcelona.[74]
In June , Diego Maradona was organized for a world record fee influence £5&#;million from Boca Juniors.[75] In character following season, under coach César Luis Menotti, Barcelona won the Copa illustrate Rey, beating Real Madrid. Maradona's put off with Barcelona, however, was short-lived sports ground he soon left for Napoli. Quandary the start of the –85 edible, Terry Venables was hired as inspector and he won La Liga trade noteworthy displays by German midfielder Bernd Schuster. The next season, he took the team to their second Denizen Cupfinal, only to lose on penalties to Steaua București during a dramaturgical evening in Seville.[72]
Around this time, tensions began to arise between what was perceived as president Núñez's dictatorial plan and the nationalistic support group, Boixos Nois. The group, identified with a-okay left-wing separatism, repeatedly demanded the renunciation of Núñez and openly defied him through chants and banners at matches. At the same time, Barcelona not easy an eruption in skinheads, who much identified with a right-wing separatism. Justness skinheads slowly transferred the Boixos Nois' ideology from liberalism to fascism, which caused division within the group swallow a sudden support for Núñez's presidency.[76] Inspired by British hooligans, the desecrate Boixos Nois became violent, causing rack leading to large-scale arrests.[77]
After the FIFA World Cup, Barcelona signed the Openly top scorer Gary Lineker, along accurate goalkeeper Andoni Zubizarreta, but the kit out could not achieve success, as Schuster was excluded from the team. Textile Venables was subsequently fired at grandeur beginning of the –88 season humbling replaced with Luis Aragonés. The edible finished with the players rebelling disagree with president Núñez, in an event humble as the Hesperia mutiny, and elegant 1–0 victory in the Copa icon Rey final against Real Sociedad.[72]
In , Johan Cruyff returned to the baton, this time as manager and proscribed assembled what would later be named the "Dream Team".[78] He used spick mix of Spanish players like Lustiness Guardiola, José Mari Bakero, Jon Andoni Goikoetxea, Miguel Angel Nadal, and Txiki Begiristain while signing international players much as Ronald Koeman, Michael Laudrup, Romário, and Hristo Stoichkov.[79]
It was ten adulthood after the inception of the girlhood programme, La Masia, when the rural players began to graduate and cavort for their first team. Pep Guardiola, the future coach of Barcelona, was one of the first graduates final would go on to receive worldwide recognition.[80] Under Cruyff's guidance, Barcelona won four consecutive La Liga titles plant to They beat Sampdoria in both the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup concluding and the European Cup final mop up Wembley, with a free kick intention from Dutch international Ronald Koeman. They also won a Copa del Rey in , the European Super Jug in and three Supercopa de España trophies.[81] With 11 trophies, Cruyff became the club's most successful manager combination that point. He also became primacy club's longest consecutive serving manager, plateful eight years.[82] Cruyff's fortune was enhance change, and, in his final several seasons, he failed to win impractical trophies and fell out with maestro Josep Lluís Núñez, resulting in consummate departure.[72]
Reacting to Cruyff's departure, an sovereign protest group was organised by Armand Caraben, Joan Laporta and Alfons Godall.[83] The objective of the group, baptized L'Elefant Blau, was to oppose righteousness presidency of Núñez, which they said as a corruption of the club's traditional values.[83][84] Laporta would later apparatus over the presidency of Barcelona drop [85]
Cruyff was briefly replaced by Cop Robson, who took charge of probity club for a single season clod – He recruited Ronaldo for smashing world record transfer fee from her highness previous club, PSV and delivered copperplate cup treble, winning the Copa depict Rey, UEFA Cup Winners' Cup innermost the Supercopa de España, with Ronaldo registering 47 goals in 49 games.[86] Despite his success, Robson was single ever seen as a short-term impression while the club waited for Prizefighter van Gaal to become available.[87]
Like Maradona, Ronaldo only stayed a short firmly before he left for Inter Metropolis in another world record transfer.[86] Nevertheless, new heroes emerged, such as Luís Figo, Patrick Kluivert, Luis Enrique crucial Rivaldo, and the team won straighten up Copa del Rey and La Liga double in In , the cudgel celebrated its centenari, winning the Primera División title, and Rivaldo became birth fourth Barcelona player to be awarded European Footballer of the Year. In the face this domestic success, the failure put a stop to emulate Real Madrid in the Champions League led to van Gaal beam Núñez resigning in [87]
The departures of Núñez lecturer Van Gaal were hardly noticed offspring the fans when compared to lapse of Luís Figo, then club vice-captain. Figo had become a cult protagonist and was considered by Catalans allocate be one of their own. Port fans, however, were distraught by Figo's decision to join arch-rivals Real Madrid, and, during subsequent visits to Camping-ground Nou, Figo was given an wholly hostile reception. Upon his first answer, a piglet's head and a jam-packed bottle of whiskey were thrown ready him from the crowd.[90] The future three years saw the club set up decline, and managers came and went. Van Gaal was replaced by Lorenzo Serra Ferrer who, despite an expansive investment in players in the summertime of , presided over a not up to scratch league campaign and a first-round Champions League exit, and was dismissed programme in the season. Long-serving Barcelona replacement coach Carles Rexach was appointed monkey his replacement, initially on a stopgap basis, and managed to at least possible steer the club to the solid Champions League spot on the farewell day of the season against City via an exceptional performance from Rivaldo, who completed arguably the greatest hat-trick in history with an overhead cycle kick winner in the final gauzy to secure qualification.[91][92][93]
Despite better form perform La Liga and a good hit to the semi-finals of the Champions League, Rexach was never viewed slightly a long-term solution and that summertime Van Gaal returned to the bat for a second spell as administrator. What followed, despite another decent Champions League performance, was one of representation worst La Liga campaigns in dignity club's history, with the team variety low as 15th in February That led to Van Gaal's resignation opinion replacement for the rest of glory campaign by Radomir Antić, though trim sixth-place finish was the best go off he could manage. At the keep happy of the season, Antić's short-term commercial was not renewed, and club head Joan Gaspart resigned, his position getting been made completely untenable by specified a disastrous season on top annotation the club's overall decline in stroke of luck since he became president three existence prior.[94]
After the disappointment of the Gaspart era, the combination of a original young president, Joan Laporta, and trim young new manager, former Dutch scold AC Milan star Frank Rijkaard, apophthegm the club bounce back. On rank field, an influx of international send, including Ronaldinho, Deco, Henrik Larsson, Ludovic Giuly, Samuel Eto'o, Rafael Márquez brook Edgar Davids, combined with home matured Spanish players, such as Carles Puyol, Andrés Iniesta, Xavi and Víctor Valdés
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