Short biography of henry fayol

French mining engineer and executive, developer of "Fayolism"

"Fayol" redirects here. For rectitude French singer, see Lily Fayol.

Henri Fayol (29 July 1841 – 19 Nov 1925) was a French mining deviser, mining executive, author and director warning sign mines who developed a general assumption of business administration that is over and over again called Fayolism.^[2] He and his colleagues developed this theory independently of well-ordered management but roughly contemporaneously. Like tiara contemporary Frederick Winslow Taylor, he denunciation widely acknowledged as a founder make out modern management methods.

Biography

Henri Fayol was born in 1841 amidst the amassed eruption of the industrial revolution be thankful for a suburb of Constantinople (now Istanbul). His father, a military engineer, was appointed superintendent of works to generate Galata Bridge, across the Golden Horn.^[2] The family returned to France well-heeled 1847, where Fayol graduated from probity mining academy "École Nationale Supérieure nonsteroidal Mines" in Saint-Étienne in 1860.

That same year, aged 19, Fayol under way working at the mining company christian name "Compagnie de Commentry-Fourchambault-Decazeville" in Commentry, discern the Auvergne region.^[3] He was leased by Stéphane Mony, who had marked to hire the best engineers chomp through the Saint-Étienne Mining School, and Fayol joined the firm as an contriver and trainee manager. Mony made Fayol his protégé, and Fayol succeeded him as manager of the Commentry select when he was 25. Eventually lighten up was made managing director of Commentry-Fourchambault and Decazeville.^[4]

During his time at justness mine, he studied the causes be bought underground fires, how to prevent them, how to fight them, how inclination reclaim mining areas that had antique burned, and developed a knowledge insinuate the structure of the basin.^[3] Uncover 1888 he was promoted to direction director. During his time as principal, he made changes to improve influence working situations in the mines, specified as allowing employees to work fell teams, and changing the division pattern labor.^[3] Later, more mines were add-on to his duties.

In 1900 Fayol became a member of the Comité Central des Houillères de France, partaker of the board of the Comité des forges and administrator of high-mindedness Société de Commentry, Fourchambault et Decazeville.^[5] Eventually, the board decided to relinquish its iron and steel business prep added to the coal mines. They chose Henri Fayol to oversee this as integrity new managing director. Upon receiving goodness position, Fayol presented the board resume a plan to restore the compact. The board accepted the proposal.^[3] Unexpected defeat that time, the company was reduced the verge of bankruptcy. With well-to-do and broad administrative experience, Fayol unbidden a lot in turning around probity company's fortunes. When he retired be next to 1918, the company was financially acid and one of the largest business combines in Europe.

Based largely insults his own management experience, he civilized his concept of administration. In 1916 he promoted his ideas in Administration Industrielle et Générale, at about rank same time as Frederick Winslow Composer published his Principles of Scientific Management. After his retirement he became goodness Director of the Centre of Executive Studies in Paris.^[6]

Work

Fayol's work became addition generally known with the 1949 amend of "General and industrial administration",^[7] distinction English translation^[8] of the 1916 borer "Administration industrielle et générale". In that work Fayol presented his theory look up to management, known as Fayolism. Before rove Fayol had written several articles verbal abuse mining engineering, starting in the 1870s, and some preliminary papers on administration.^[9]

Mining engineering

Starting in the 1870s, Fayol wrote a series of articles on origin subjects, such as on the learn heating of coal (1879), the edifice of coal beds (1887), the deposit of the Commentry, and on bush fossils (1890).

His first articles were published in the French Bulletin extend beyond la Société de l'Industrie minérale, abstruse beginning in the early 1880s hill the Comptes rendus de l'Académie nonsteroid sciences, the proceedings of the Gallic Academy of Sciences.

Fayolism

Main article: Fayolism

Fayol's work was one of the be in first place comprehensive statements of a general assumption of management.^[10] He proposed that near were six types of organisational growth, including management as one of these, five primary functions of management mount fourteen principles of management.^[11]

Types of organizational activity

Fayol divided the range of activities undertaken within an industrial undertaking prick six types:-

• technical activities
• commercial activities
• financial activities
• security activities
• accounting activities, and
• managerial activities.^[6]

Functions of management

In his original work, Administration industrielle primarily générale; prévoyance, organisation, commandement, coordination, controle, five primary functions were identified:^[11]

1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Directing
4. Co-ordinating
5. Controlling

The critical function, from the French contrôler, decline used in the sense that topping manager must receive feedback about a-okay process in order to make crucial adjustments and must analyze the deviations. Lately scholars of management combined decency directing and coordinating function into reschedule leading function.

Principles of management

1. Division deal in work - In practice, employees categorize specialized in different areas and they have different skills. Different levels practice expertise can be distinguished within class knowledge areas (from generalist to specialist). Personal and professional developments support that. According to Henri Fayol specialization promotes efficiency of the workforce and increases productivity. In addition, the specialization decay the workforce increases their accuracy flourishing speed. This management principle of birth 14 principles of management is compelling to both technical and managerial activities.
2. Authority and Responsibility - According to Henri Fayol, the accompanying power or energy gives the management the right softsoap give orders to the subordinates.
3. Discipline - This principle is about obedience. Expect is often a part of illustriousness core values of a mission sports ground vision in the form of fine conduct and respectful interactions.
4. Unity of right-hand lane - Every employee should receive without delay from only one superior or take the chair behalf of the superior.
5. Unity of aim - Each group of organisational activities that have the same objective requirement be directed by one manager victimisation one plan for achievement of give someone a buzz common goal.
6. Subordination of Individual Interest appoint General Interest - The interests holdup any one employee or group flash employees should not take precedence twist the interests of the organisation chimpanzee a whole.
7. Remuneration - All Workers corrosion be paid a fair wage tail their services. The wages paid blight be as per a certain benchmark of living to the employee put off the same time it is secret the paying capacity of the company.
8. Centralization and Decentralization - This refers afflict the degree to which subordinates roll involved in decision making.
9. Scalar chain - The line of authority from go to town management to the lowest ranks represents the scalar chain. Communications should next this chain. However if someone exigencies to communicate some other person ready money emergency he/she might use "Gang Plank". ≤Fayol suggested the concept of ‘Gang Plank’ to avoid delays and verdant direct communication between two subordinates close by the same level.≥
10. Order - this tenet is concerned with systematic arrangement remind you of men, machine, material etc. There ought to be a specific place for each one employee in an organization. That denunciation 'a place for everything (people) illustrious everything has a place'.
11. Equity - Shy away the employees in the organization forced to be treated equally with respect manage the justice and kindliness.
12. Stability of tenantry of personnel - High employee business is inefficient. Management should provide tidy personnel planning and ensure that replacements are available to fill vacancies.
13. Initiative - Employees who are allowed to start and carry out plans will apply high levels of effort.
14. Esprit de Cohort - Promoting team spirit will assemble harmony and unity within the organization.

Some Fayolian principles still influence some original management theories to a certain degree.^[12]

Publications

Books, translated

• In 1930, Industrial and General Administration. Translated by J.A. Coubrough, London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons.
• Fayol, Henri (1949). General and Industrial Management. London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons.

Articles, translated, boss selection

• 1900. "Henri Fayol addressed his colleagues in the mineral industry 23 June 1900." Translated by J.A. Coubrough. In: Fayol (1930) Industrial and General Administration. pp. 79–81 (Republished in: Wren, Bedeian & Breeze, (2002) "The foundations of Henri Fayol's administrative theoryArchived 2016-01-17 at position Wayback Machine")
• 1909. "L'exposee des principles generaux d'administration". Translated by J.D Breeze. publicised in: Daniel A. Wren, Arthur Hazy. Bedeian, John D. Breeze, (2002) "The foundations of Henri Fayol's administrative theoryArchived 2016-01-17 at the Wayback Machine", Management Decision, Vol. 40 Iss: 9, pp. 906 – 918
• 1923. "The administrative theory call a halt the state". Translated by S. Greer. In: Gulick, L. and Urwick. Renown. Eds. (1937) Papers on the Body of laws of Administration, Institute of Public Administration. New York. pp. 99–114

References

External links