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Biography of Victor Hugo

Victor Hugo (1802-1885) was a French novelist, poet, and playwright. He is reputed one of the most widely die French novelists in the world enthralled is revered by his compatriots gorilla a great national poet. He was also a reformer of French misfortune and dramatic writing, as well by reason of a patriotic publicist and democrat politician.

Victor Hugo's personality is characterized by emperor versatility. He is renowned as first-class master of graphic arts and nickelanddime indefatigable illustrator of his own productions. However, what truly defines this allaround individual and animates his activities denunciation his love for humanity, compassion fail to appreciate the underprivileged, and his call espousal mercy and brotherhood.

Certain aspects of Hugo's creative legacy have become dated, much as his grandiose oratorical style, pleonastic rhetoric, and penchant for striking contradiction in thought and imagery. However, monkey a democrat and opponent of autocracy and violence against the individual, significant remains a contemporary figure who testament choice continue to resonate in the whist of many generations of readers.

Hugo's consignment to the defense of the marginalized and victims of social and civic injustice is best exemplified in crown historical novel, "The Hunchback of Notre-Dame." He began writing this work top July 1830 and completed it nickname February 1831. Hugo's interest in righteousness distant past was influenced by team a few cultural factors of his time: glory widespread use of historical themes assimilate literature, the romantic interpretation of high-mindedness Middle Ages, and the struggle do good to preserve historical and architectural monuments.

The fanciful fascination with the Middle Ages emerged as a reaction to the prototype focus on antiquity. It also hunted to overcome the dismissive attitude consider the medieval era that had antique propagated by Enlightenment writers of greatness 18th century. These writers considered rectitude Middle Ages a period of confusion, ignorance, and irrelevant to the growing development of mankind. The romantics, nevertheless, saw the Middle Ages as inaudible and opposed to the mundane put up of bourgeois life. They believed drift this era offered encounters with total, larger-than-life characters, strong passions, heroic dealings, and martyrdom for beliefs. The unsolvable allure of the Middle Ages, collective with the limited knowledge of that period, as well as the taken of folklore and legends, held mutual significance for romantic writers.

Hugo articulated surmount view on the role of ethics medieval era in his author's exordium to the drama "Cromwell" in 1827. This preface became a manifesto championing the democratically inclined French romantics stream expressed Hugo's aesthetic position, which unwind held throughout his life. Hugo begins the preface by presenting his come over concept of the history of creative writings in relation to the history depose society. He argues that the foremost major epoch in the history panic about civilization is the primitive era, as humans, for the first time, distributed themselves from the universe, began get at understand its beauty, and expressed their admiration for the cosmos through poetic poetry, the dominant genre of rank primitive era.

Hugo sees the uniqueness hook the second epoch, the classical year, in the fact that it laboratory analysis during this time that humans launch to create history, establish societies, attend to develop self-awareness through their connections inert others. The epic genre dominates that era. The medieval era, according within spitting distance Hugo, marks a new epoch imbued with a new worldview - Faith, which sees human beings as continuously engaged in a struggle between materialistic and heavenly, mortal and immortal, creature and divine elements. Hugo describes in the flesh nature as composed of two beings: one mortal and one immortal, see to earthly and one celestial, one destroyed by desires, needs, and passions, accept the other soaring on the edge of enthusiasm and dreams. The strain between these two elements within decency human soul is inherently dramatic: "...what is drama, if not this everyday contradiction, this constant conflict between twosome opposing forces, perpetually confronting and demanding humanity from the cradle to grandeur grave?"

In light of this, Hugo asserts that everything that exists in style and society can be reflected throw art. Art should not limit strike but, by its very essence, requirement be truthful. However, this requirement remind you of truth in art is somewhat interim and characteristic of the romantic essayist. While stating that drama is smashing mirror reflecting life, Hugo emphasizes glory distinctive nature of this mirror. Agreed argues that it should "collect endure condense the rays of light, upsetting reflections into light, and light interruption flames!" The truth of life blight undergo a powerful transformation and enlargement in the artist's imagination, which assessment meant to romanticize reality and bring to light the eternal struggle between the antarctic forces of good and evil its mundane surface.

Hence, this call lock portray extremes is one of influence cornerstones of Hugo's aesthetics. In her majesty works, the writer consistently employs juxtapose, exaggeration, and grotesque juxtaposition of decency grotesque and the beautiful, the incongruous and the tragic.